Abstract

The article discusses the philosophical heritage of Abay, which well expresses the essence of the national character and mentality of the Kazakh people. It is noted that the thinker managed to embody in his work the thoughts and aspirations of the Kazakhs, their concepts of existence, morality and ethics. The authors of the article believe that the philosopher criticized the consciousness of the Kazakhs not only in general terms, but revealed to them the outdated moral attitudes that existed in the consciousness of the people of his time and prevented them from developing and moving towards progress. In modern Kazakhstan, Abay is considered a symbol of the national spirit, and his ideas about education, morality, critical understanding of culture and tradition continue to shape the national consciousness of Kazakhs, helping them navigate the complex world of globalization and social change. The philosophical views of the thinker, the innermost essence and core of which is ethics, are a significant contribution to the creation of a national picture of the world and a national worldview of the Kazakh ethnos.

Key words: self-awareness, philosophy, Abay, culture, thinker, national, Kazakhs, tradition, globalization, worldview.