Abstract

The concept of justice is one of the oldest concepts in the history of science. The concept of justice in the works of philosophers of ancient times was supplemented by thinkers of the Middle Ages and the modern era, and took an important place as a research topic in every period of history. To date, although this concept has been extensively studied within the framework of social sciences, it is impossible to give a commonly accepted precise definition of the concept of "justice". In the history of science, the concept of equality has been studied in two directions, that is, justice based on natural law and justice based on positive law. The article examines the etymological root of the word justice and how this concept was interpreted in different historical periods, as well as the relationship between the legal aspect of the concept of justice and the rule of law.

Key words: justice, justice based on natural law, justice based on positive law, law, legal state.