Abstract

The article presents Sultanmakhmut Toraighyrov’s views about authority and society. The historical-philosophical method is used in the research. This method revealed historical prerequisites for the formation of ethical Sultanmakhmut Toraighyrov’s heritage. There is indicated the influence of Abay Kunanbaev’s heritage on Sultanmakhmut Toraighyrov’s views. They had similar ethical categories. There is self-consciousness, dignity, knowledge, self-organization, freedom, universality, and continuity.

The philosophical connection between al-Farabi and Abai, Sultanmakhmut Toraighyrov is very interesting. The concept of happiness as general welfare, presented by al-Farabi, is also manifested in Sultanmakhmut’s composition. The state and authority are characterized by the same spiritual connection. Sultanmahmut follows the Eastern tradition, according to which the state is not a mechanism, it is an organism, parts of which are important for the continuation of life. The poet speaks about the ephemeral nature of power.

According to Sultanmakhmut Toraighyrov, the implementation of a perfect model of social relations is quite feasible. The “factor of conscience” is the main in order to achieve happiness together.

Key words: ethics, conscience, morality, authority, continuity.