VIEWS OF KAZAKHSTANIS ON THE BIPOLAR SOCIETY IN SOVIET KAZAKHSTAN
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Abstract
The article examines the views of Kazakhs, Russians and other nationalities on the bipolar society in Soviet Kazakhstan. The main characteristics of the bipolar society are analyzed - the demographic minority of Kazakhs and the demographic majority of Russians. Based on a mass sociological survey, expert interviews and focus groups, the results indicate a division in the consciousness of the three main ethnic groups regarding the minority of Kazakhs and the majority of Russians. The division in the assessments of the bipolar society in Soviet Kazakhstan is most characteristic of Kazakhs today, while Russians have a more homogeneous perception. It is shown that the division in the views of Kazakhstanis on the Soviet bipolar society in Kazakhstan is determined by the fact that slightly more than half of them adhere to the views of the Soviet past in the spirit of internationalism, and a smaller part of the citizens of Kazakhstan are supporters of ethnic nationalism.
Key words: Kazakhstan, bipolar society, ethnopolitical demography, majority, minority.
