Abstract

Abstract. The author of the article proceeds from the fact that myth is, first of all, a historically original way in understanding the unity of the relationship "Man and the World" and that mythology (mythoetics) is the oldest form of spiritual culture, the product of the collective creativity of many generations of people of the ancestral era, when civilization was just emerging and the process of initial accumulation was underway socio-cultural experience.

The myth establishes a balance between the tribal collective and nature. In the myth there is no distinction between the real and the supernatural, and therefore the myth seems to complete the real tribal relations in the community with ideal mythological images, filling the "gap" between man and nature with them, i.e. creating unity between them.

The peculiarity of the stage of mythopoetic consciousness as a historical phenomenon is characterized by the principle of consanguineous relations, and is an ontological "source" of the construction of the entire system of mythology, which gives it integrity.

In subsequent eras of history, the vital activity of archaic man naturally led to the formation of a new type of artistic imagery - author's poetry. In the 1st century, in the history of the nomadic culture of world relations, new subjects of worldview reflection appear - castes of professional orators, rhapsodists and bards - akyns, zhyrau, kuishi, etc.

It is concluded that the main stages of the development of zhyrau and its semantic foundations form a kind of hierarchical system, the features of which are determined by the correlation of the fundamental ethical and ontological paradigms of ideological reflection.

Keywords: myth, mythopoetics, archaic worldview, universe, ontology, ethics, ritual, united being, time, space, zhyrau poetry, traditional culture.